2019考研英语真题：(完整版)2019考研英语(一)真题(完整版)

(完整版)2019考研英语(一)真题(完整版)

17. [A ］ artificial ［B] mysterious ［C ］ hidden [D ］ limited

18. ［A ］ Finally[B] Consequently [C] incidentally [D ］ Generally

19. [A] memories ［B]

marks

[C ］ notes ［D ］ belongings 20。 ［A ］ restrict ［B ］ adopt

［C ］ lead ［D ］ expose

Section " Reading Comprehension

Part A Directions ：

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A ，B, C or D 。 Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET . （40 points ）

Text 1

Financial regulations in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks 。 Starting next year, any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing. The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is t o hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institution. Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit: more long term decision —making not only by banks but also bu all corporations2019考研英语真题， to build a stronger economy for future generations.

“Short -termism" or the desire for quick profits, has worsened in publicly traded companies, says the Bank of England’s top economist. Andrew Haldane。 He quotes a giant of classical economies, Alfred Marshall ，in describing this financial impatience as acting like “Children who pick the plums out of their pudding to eat them at once" rather than putting them aside to be eaten last 。

The average time for holding a stock in both the United States and Britain2019考研英语真题， he notes ， has dropped from seven years to seven months in recent decades 。 Transient investors ，who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hinder a firm's efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty. This has been dubbed “quarterly capital ism”.

In addition2019考研英语真题， new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities, quicker use of information ， and thus shortens attention spans in financial markers. “There seems to be a predominance of short—term thinking at the expense of long —term investing,” said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in speech this week 。

In the US ，the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to defer performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year, slightly helping reduce “short—termism 。” In its latest survey of CEO pay2019考研英语真题， The Wall Street Journal finds that “ a substantial part” of executive pay is now tied to performance.

Much more could be done to encourage “long—termism,” such as changes in the ta x code and quicker disclosure of stock acquisitions. In France, shareholders who hold onto a