2011考研英语一答案解析：2011年考研英语真题（一）阅读理解Text 1解析（个人原创）
Text 1
The decision of the New YorkPhilharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talkof the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of hisappointment in 2009. For the most part, the response has been favorable, to saythe least. “Hooray！At last” wrote Anthony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic.
One of the reasons why the appointmentcame as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively littleknown. Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentiousmusician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.” As a descriptionof the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led bymusicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to havestruck at least some Times readers asfaint praise.
For my part, I have no idea whetherGilbert is a great conductor or even a good one. To be sure, he performs animpressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is not necessary for meto visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestralmusic. All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer anddownload still more recorded music from iTunes.
Devoted concertgoers who reply thatrecordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. For thetime, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalistsmust compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, andmuseums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classicalmusicians of the 20th century. Their recordings are cheap, available everywhere,and very often much higher in artistic quality than today‘s live performances;moreover, they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the listener’schoosing. The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought abouta crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.
One possible response is for classicalperformers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record.Gilbert‘s own interest in new music has been widely noted: Alex Ross, aclassical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turningthe Philharmonic into “a markedly different, more vibrant organization.” Butwhat will be the nature of that difference？ Merely expanding the orchestra’srepertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed,they must first change the relationship between America‘s oldest orchestra andthe new audience it hops to attract.
21. We learn from Para.1 that Gilbert‘sappointment has
[A] incurred criticism.
[B] raised suspicion.
[C] received acclaim.
[D] aroused curiosity.
解析：
21. 题干问：从第一段可知，Gilbert的委派引起了什么反应？做阅读理解题，首先是要找到答案的出处。本题很好找，题干有提示，就在在第一段，因此我们精读第一段有关Gilbert的委派引起的反应部分，也就是文中的For the most part, the response has beenfavorable“大部分人的评价都不错”。找到文章出处后，再看选项，选项A的incurred criticism意为“招致批判”，B项的raised suspicion意为“引发质疑”，C项的received acclaim意为“获得好评”，D项的arousedcuriosity意为“引发人们的好奇”。对比文章答案出处的意思和选项的意思，我们很容易选出答案为C项。我自己做这个题的时候，就因为不确定C项acclaim的意思，而勉为其难地选了D项的curiosity，虽然心里觉得curiosity和favorable表达的意思不一样，但还是把favorable的意思过度延伸了一下。因此，单词还是非常重要的，一定的单词积累是的高分的前提。
22. Tommasini regards Gilbert as anartist who is
[A] influential.
[B] modest.
[C] respectable.
[D] talented.
解析：
22. 题干问：Tommasini把Gilbert看成一个什么样的艺术家？拿到题目，我们首先要找到答案的出处，阅读理解题的出题顺序与文章的行文顺序一般相同，因此第22题我们就往第二段找，果然能看到Even Tommasini...calls him “anunpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him“甚至连Tommasini都称他为‘一个毫不做作的音乐家，没有乐队指挥身上常见的那种强势感觉’”这句话。
unpretentious、formidable和about这三个词有可能影响我们对这句话的理解: unpretentious“不招摇的，不装腔作势的”这个词，我们可以参考pretend“假装”这个词，unpretentious就是把pretend这个词加上形容词后缀-tious然后再在前面加上表示否定的前缀un-，因此，只要知道pretend是“假装”的意思，那就会推测出unpretentious是“没有假装的，不做作的”这层意思，这就是我们常说的词义推断，这一技能在扩大我们的词汇、提高我们的阅读理解能力方面具有重大作用。
formidable意为“可怕的2011考研英语一答案解析，强大的，令人敬畏的”，大自然令人敬畏的力量，我们就可以用formidable来形容。记忆这个单词的时候，可以联想记忆forbid“禁止、阻止、妨碍”这个单词。
about在这里意为“环绕，围绕”，说某人有某种气质，我们一般用about这个词。
找到文章出处后，我们来看四个选项：A项的influential意为“有影响力的”， Gilbert肯定有一定影响力，要不然不会被任命为下一届的music director，但是我们从Tommasini的评价中看不出这一点，因此不入选；B项的modest意为“谦虚的”，“不做作”，也不“像其他乐队指挥一样强势，颐指使气”，这说明Tommasini认为Gilbert“谦虚，低调”，如果不确定是不是选这一项，那我们继续往后看其他选项；C项的respectable意为“令人尊敬的”，Gilbert肯定还是受人尊敬的，但是从Tommasini的评论中，我们还看不出他是不是受人尊敬，因此不入选；D项的talented意为“聪明的，有天赋的”，不入选的原因和A及C项一样，虽然很可能是Gilbert的特质，但并不是Tommasini对他的评价。
23. The author believes that the devotedconcertgoers
[A] ignore the expenses of liveperformances.
[B] reject most kinds of recordedperformances.
[C] exaggerate the variety of liveperformances.
[D] overestimate the value of liveperformances.
解析：
23. 题干问：文章作者对音乐会的虔诚追随者有什么看法？根据题干中关键词devoted concertgoers“音乐会的虔诚追随者”，我们把答案出处定位于第四段。第四段的第一句说devoted concertgoers认为recordings areno substitute for live performance“唱片无法取代现场演出”，而作者却认为这个看法are missing the point“没有抓问问题的关键”。问题的关键什么呢？就是后面所说的观众所愿意付出的time“时间”、attention“关注”和money“金钱”。
由此我们可以推测第23题的答案。首先分析四个选项的含义：A项的ignore the expenses of live performances意为“忽视了现场演出的开销”，这只是问题的一个方面，不全面，故不入选；B项的reject most kinds of recordedperformances意为“排斥大多数唱片”，从devoted concertgoers的recordings areno substitute for live performance这一观点中我们并看不出devoted concertgoers到底在多大程度上排斥唱片，因此就得不出B项的结论，故不入选；C项的exaggerate thevariety of live performances意为“夸大了现场演出的多样性”，和B项一样，我们从devoted concertgoers的recordings areno substitute for live performance这一观点中也看不出来devoted concertgoers认为现场演出有多具有多样性。
排除了A、B和C项后，就只有D项的overestimate the value of live performances“高估了现场演出的价值”可入选了，为什么呢？根据我们语言表达的特点，当说某个东西无法取代另一个东西时，言外之意是另一个东西有其自身独特的价值，因而无法取代。作者认为devoted concertgoers的看法没有切中问题的关键，言外之意也就是说他不赞同devoted concertgoers的看法，也就是认为现场演出没有那么独特的无法取代的价值，因此选D项。
24. According to the text, which of thefollowing is true of recordings？
[A] They are often inferior to liveconcerts in quality.
[B] They are easily accessible to thegeneral public.
[C] They help improve the quality ofmusic.
[D] They have only covered masterpieces.
解析：
24. 题干问：根据文意，下面关于唱片的说法哪个正确？做第23题时，我们就已经接触到了作者对唱片的看法，现在再来仔细回顾，作者说Their recordings are cheap, availableeverywhere, and very often much higher in artistic quality than today‘s liveperformances; moreover, they can be “consumed” at a time and place of thelistener’s choosing“他们的唱片非常便宜、随处可见、艺术品质经常比如今的现场演出要高；另外，听众还能自由选择在何时何地享受这些唱片”。
找到答案出处后，我们来分析四个选项：A项的They are ofteninferior to live concerts in quality意为“它们的品质一般都比现场演出低”，这明显与very often much higher in artisticquality than today‘s live performances这一表述相悖，因此错误，不入选；B项的They are easily accessible to thegeneral public意为“大众很容易获得它们”，与available everywhere意思相近，正确，入选；C项的They helpimprove the quality of music意为“它们有助于提高音乐的品质”，虽然文中有说它们的质量经常比现场演出高，但也没说能起到“提高音乐的品质”的作用，这属于过度推测，因此不入选；D项的They have only covered masterpieces意为“它们仅仅只涵盖名作”，这个表述明显错误2011考研英语一答案解析，根据后文的to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record“制作还没被录制的具有吸引力的新音乐”就知道现在的唱片已经包罗万象2011考研英语一答案解析，绝对不是只有名家名作。
25. RegardingGilbert‘s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic, the author feels
[A] doubtful.
[B] enthusiastic.
[C] confident.
[D] puzzled.
解析：
25. 题干问：作者对Gilbert扮演复兴Philharmonic这一角色有什么看法？revitalizing“复兴，使新生”可能会影响我们对题干的理解，其实，我们依然可以用词义猜测的方法来理解revitalizing这一单词。如果我们不知道revitalize就是“复兴，使新生”的意思，那我们可以看这个单词中的vital部分，vital意为“重要的，充满生气的，生机勃勃的”；vitalize是在形容词vital后加上动词后缀-ize变来的2011考研英语一答案解析，意为“激发、赋予生命、使有生气”；revitalize是在动词vitalize前面加上表示“再次，重新”的前缀re-构成，意为“复兴，使新生”。
弄清了题干，我们去文章中找答案出处，在文中最后一段。最后一段中带有强烈作者个人观点的句子是But what will be the nature of thatdifference？“但是那点不同的本质又是什么呢？”和Merely expanding the orchestra’s repertoirewill not be enough.“仅仅只丰富管弦乐队的节目单还不够。”这两句话带有很强的否定意味，说明作者并不太相信Gilbert能复兴Philharmonic。为了证明这一看法并非空穴来风，作者在最后又补充了一句If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must first change therelationship between America‘s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops toattract“如果Gilbert和Philharmonic想成功的话，他们首先必须改变美国最古老的管弦乐队和它期望吸引的新型听众之间的关系。”新旧融合从来都不是一件容易的事情，因此我们更加确定作者抱有的是doubtful“怀疑的”态度。
答案：
21. C 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. A