考研历年英语真题：历年考研英语真题电子版
1990年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 Section II: Reading Comprehension Each threepassages below somequestions。 eachquestion fouranswers。 Read passagescarefully bestanswer questions。Put your choice ANSWERSHEET。 (20 points) Text Mayl989, space shuttle “Atlantis” released outerspace spaceprobe “Megallan,” which her15-month one-billion-kilometerflight newphase spaceexploration has begun。 planetVenus onlyslightly smaller than Earth; onlyother object solarsystem, evencomes close earth’ssize。 Venus has similardensity, so probablymade samestuff, atmosphere,complete closestplanet mostsimilar distancefrom short,Venus seems justifyits long-held nickname “earth’stwin。
” surfacetemperature Venusreaches some 900F。 Added atmosphericpressure about 90 times Earth’s: High overhead carbondioxide (CO2) clouds,perhaps 10 20miles thick,whose little drops consist mostly sulfuricacid (H2SO4)。 Water nonexistent。Born somany fundamental similarities earth考研历年英语真题,how did Venus get soradically different: academicmatter。 allits extremes, Venus valuablelaboratory researchersstudying earth’soceans, so heattransport othermechanisms greatlysimplified。 planetVenus takes 243 earth-days turnonce itsaxis, so incoming heat from moreleisurely, observable pace。
16。 Venus distancefrom havingatmosphere above17。 greatestvalue studyingVenus should allowus understandEarth better newsource newspace program 18。 mainidea spacetravel scientificmethods spaceexploration VenusText Touristswere surprised womandriving hugeorange tractor down one Rome’smain avenues。 Italy’s political leaders itsmale union chiefs havebeen even more puzzled about200,000 women paradingprocession tookmore than three hours snakethrough central Rome。 Shouting slogans, waving flags womenhad come capitalfrom all over Italy differenttype societywithout violence。
” So far, action improvewomen’s opportunities employmenthas been collectiveindustrial bargaining。 growingawareness enough,”says femalelabor government-fundedInstitute ProfessionalTraining Workers。Women, who constitute 52 per cent Italy’spopulation, today represent only 35 per cent Italy’stotal workforce 33per cent totalnumber jobs。However, expandingconsiderably services,next publicadministration principalworkplace。 Official statistics also show womenhave also made significant strides self-employment。
More morewomen themselves。Many young women businessbecause growingoverall todaymany prejudices have disappeared, so otherfinancial institutes make judgments purelybusiness considerations without caring professionstoo。 womendoctors, dentists, lawyers, engineers universityprofessors increased two threefold。 Some immediatelyvisible。 example,women have appeared firsttime statepolice考研历年英语真题,railway workers streetcleaner。 However考研历年英语真题, presentsituation farfrom satisfactory though some progress has been made。 equalopportunities nowdemanded。
19。 expression“snake through central Rome” probably means quietlythrough central Rome。” violentlythrough central Rome。” longwinding line through central Rome。” leisurelypace through central Rome。” 20。 Which followingstatements morewomen than men Italy,women chieflyemployed Italy,women Italy,about two-thirds men。21。 About 200,000 women Romedemonstrated morejob opportunities greatervariety “equaljob, equal pay” besttitle passagewould WomenDemonstrate Self-employedProfessionals JobsMarket Text oldidea talentedchildren “burn themselves out” earlyyears, worst,mental illness outstandingthing brightkids verylikely brightadults。
500gifted persons were followed up thirty-fifthyear adultintelligence tests, goodhealth, physically mentally。84 per cent groupwere married seemedcontent lives。About 70 per cent had graduated from college, though only 30 per cent had graduated fewhad even dropped out, nearlyhalf hadreturned men,80 per cent were businessmanagement semiprofessionaljobs。 womenwho had remained single had office, business, professionaloccupations。 grouphad published 90 books 1,500articles scientific,scholarly考研历年英语真题, literarymagazines hadcollected more than 100 patents。
materialway dobadly either。 Average income considerablyhigher among giftedpeople, especially men,than whole,despite comparativeyouth。 fact,far from being strange, most giftedwere turning earlypromise practicalreality。 23。 oldidea talentedchildren “burn themselves out” earlyyears allsenses medicallyproven author24。 brightchildren findout what had happened talentedchildren when becameadults talentedchildren “burn themselves out” earlyyears thosementally ill among talentedchildren never burn themselves out 25。
Intelligence tests showed brightchildren were unlikely mentallyhealthy betweenchildhood considerableloss talentedchildren were most likely becomegifted adults whentalented children grew madelow scores Section III: Close Test eachnumbered blank followingpassage fourchoices labeled bestone putyour choice ANSWERSHEET。 Read wholepassage before making your choice。 (10 points) oneknows surewhat worldwould year2001。 Many books have been written __26__ 19th-centuryFrench novelist Jules Verne may fullest__27__ hisfantastic novels “80Days Around World,”he described novelsstill have greatattraction __28__ young readers todaybecause boldimagination scientificaccuracy。
Below whatour life year2001 __29__writer。 home,cookers setso youcan cook completemeal switch。Television provideinformation __30__shops entertainment。Videophones bringpictures telephoneconversations。 Machines controltemperature, lighting, entertainment, security alarms, laundry gardening。Lighting providedecoration work,robots take__32__ most jobs manufacturingindustries。 Working hours under30 hours week。Holidays getlonger; six weeks normalannual holiday。 Men sameage。 Our leisure differenttoo。 entertainmentthrough television electronicgames。
More people eatout restaurants__33__ dotoday; also muchwider variety foodavailable。 tastetowards moresavoury-flavored menu。 New synthetic foods __34__part people’sdiets。 Foreign travel __35__;winter holidays becomemore popular than summer ones。 Also non-stop flights from Britain NewZealand easilyavailable muchcheaper。 Education becomeincreasingly more important than ever before。 26。 sense[B]meaning[C] detail[D] implication 28。 towards29。 today[B]nowadays[C] present-day[D] present 30。 near[B]nearby[C] nearly[D] nearer 31。
noise[B]sound[C] tone[D] tune 32。 away[C]off[D] over 33。 when[D]while 34。 usual[B]popular[C] daily[D] regular 35。 add[B]increase[C] raise[D] arise Section IV: Error-detection CorrectionEach followingsentences has four underlined parts。 putyour choice ANSWERSHEET。 withoutaltering sentence,write down your correction ANSWERSHEET。 (10 points) EXAMPLE: You have hurryup youwant buysomething because hardlysomething anything36。 Alice childrenbecause somany them。37。 We were very much surprised longway from road。
38。 John’s chance beingelected greaterthan Dick 39。“We have won greatvictory ourenemy captainsaid。 40。 manyvaluable services whichdoes community。41。 amreferring whoowns carhave accidentinsurance。 42。 scientists,”said Professor Leacock。 43。 He somebodycreeping housethrough windowlast night。 44。 changesbeing made usyet。 45。 Even though childrenpretended asleep nurseswere room。Section VII: English-Chinese Translation Translate followingpassage carefully sentencesunderlined Chinese。(20 points) People have wondered longtime how explainwhy one person whyone competitive。
Social scientists course,extremely interested questions。(61) explainwhy we possess certain characteristics exhibitcertain behaviors。 clearanswers yet, twodistinct schools matterhave developed。 onemight expect, twoapproaches verydifferent from each other。 oftenconveniently referred “naturevs。 nurture。” (62) Those who support “nature”side conflictbelieve ourpersonalities behaviorpatterns largelydetermined biologicalfactors。 (63) ourenvironment has little, ourabilities, characteristics theory。Taken theorymaintains ourbehavior greatdegree almostcompletely governed ourinstincts。
Those who support “nurture”theory, advocateeducation, oftencalled behaviorists。 ourenvironment moreimportant than our biologically based instincts determininghow we Skinner,sees humans beingswhose behavior almostcompletely shaped surroundings。(64) behavioristsmaintain likemachines, humans respond environmentalstimuli behavior。Let us examine differentexplanations about one human characteristic, intelligence, offered twotheories。 (65) Supporters “nature”theory insist certaincapacity biologicallydetermined。
Needless don’tbelieve environmenthave much influence predeterminedcharacteristic。 otherhand, behaviorists argue ourintelligence levels ourexperiences。 (66) Behaviorists suggest childwho environmentwhere manystimuli which develop his hercapacity appropriateresponses experiencegreater intellectual development。 politicalimplications twotheories profound。(67) UnitedStates, blacks often score below whites standardizedintelligence tests。 leadssome “nature” proponents biologicallyinferior whites。(68) Behaviorists, contrast,say oftendeprived otherenvironmental advantages whitesenjoy。
Most people think neither theoriescan yet fully explain human behavior。 1990 年参考答案 Section Vocabulary(15 points) SectionII: Reading Comprehension (20 points) 16。 SectionIII: Cloze Test (10 points) 26。